The X-linked lymphoproliferative syndrome (XLP) is a rare, inherited immunodeficiency that is characterized by lymphohystiocytosis, hypogammaglobulinaemia and lymphomas, and that usually develops in response to infection with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Mutations in the signalling lymphocyte activation molecule (SLAM)-associated protein SAP, a signalling adaptor molecule, underlie 60% of cases of familial XLP. Another procent of cases is due to defects in in the gene that encodes the X-linked inhibitor-of-apoptosis XIAP (BIRC4) required for the survival and/or differentiation of NKT cells and also a potent regulator of lymphocyte homeostasis in vivo. BIRC4 are the cause of lymphoproliferative syndrome x-linked type 2 (XLP2).
Alternative names
XLP2
Lymphoproliferative syndrome X-linked type 2, XIAP deficiency
Classification
- Other well-defined immunodeficiency syndromes
Inheritance
X-linked
Cross references
Phenotypically related immunodeficiencies
IDR factfile for X-linked lymphoproliferative disease (Duncan disease)
Incidence
XLP affects about 3 out of every 1,000,000 males,