Hyper IgE syndrome is a rare complex disorder characterised by markedly elevated serum IgE levels (>2000IU/ml), chronic dermatitis and serious recurrent infections, pneumonia with pneumatocele formation, recurring staphylococcal skin abcesses. There may be IgG subclass and specific antibody deficiencies, with poor/absent immunization responses. Also have been reported variable abnormalities of neutrophil function, affecting chemotaxis, phagocytosis, and microbicidal activity. There is an imbalance of cytokine production due to Th2 predominance (IL-4, IL-5). Most cases are sporadic, but both autosomal recessive forms (AR-HIES) and autosomal dominant forms of HIES (AD-HIES) have been described. AR-HIES forms are characterized by severe recurrent viral infections, extreme eosinophilia, neurological complications, but without skeletal or dental abnormalities. AD-HIES are associated with skeletal symptoms such as hyperextensibility of joints, scoliosis, osteoporosis, and retained primary teeth.
Alternative names
HIES
Hyperimmunoglobulin E recurrent infection syndrome
HIE syndrome
Job syndrome
Buckley syndrome
Immunoglobulin E, elevated, with neutrophil chemotaxis defect, recurrent infections, and mucocutaneous candidiasis
IgE, elevated, with neutrophil chemotaxis defect, recurrent infections, and mucocutaneous candidiasis
Classification
- Other well-defined immunodeficiency syndromes
Inheritance
Autosomal dominant/Autosomal recessive
Cross references
Phenotypically related immunodeficiencies
IDR factfile for TYK2 deficiency
Phenotypically related immunodeficiencies
Incidence
1:1000000